Life has never been in a jam, there are probably not many such people. The vehicle that we see the most in the horror of jams is the car. As far as the eye can see, hundreds of cars are on the road.

The number of people who did not ride in the car is also less. Even if it's not your own car, everyone has taken a ride in a taxi. Ever wondered how a car can move with so many people or luggage?

What is the engine?

The main power of the car is its engine. And, today we will know about that engine. Let's know more about how the engine of many of our well-known cars works.

The word engine comes from Old French “engin” and Latin “ingenium”. Most of the machines invented during the Industrial Revolution in England and France in the 19th century were called engines. Engines are machines that convert thermal energy into mechanical energy. According to thermodynamics, a machine that converts thermal energy into useful mechanical energy is called a heat engine, or engine for short. It works on the second law of thermodynamics. Today, the term engine usually refers to a steam engine or an internal combustion engine that performs mechanical work by burning fuel.

We know that energy is neither created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed from one form to another. The working principle of the engine follows this formula. An engine automatically converts chemical energy into thermal energy and thermal energy into mechanical energy through fuel combustion and thus can perform a specific task. In the case of a car, this effective energy helps the car to move.

History of the first engine:

We get the speed with the help of an engine. Therefore, before the invention of the engine, people did not create speed. Of course, he did. It was by one's own muscle power and not by any animal, with which less work was done but more labor was done. We can take bullock carts in villages, palanquins, or rickshaw vans in Sahur areas - etc. as examples.

In 1772, English scientist Thomas Newcomen invented the steam-driven pump which was used to raise water from mines. James Watt then worked to further improve the steam engine invented by Thomas Newcomen. The incredible increase in fuel efficiency made his engine work better and the Industrial Revolution began. Another man behind his work that goes without saying is Matthew Bolton, James Watt's business partner.

How does the engine work?

First, we know that we get speed from the engine. Watt's steam engine was the first steam engine. In this engine, a flow of air at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure is driven in a partially vacuumed space. A piston is pushed by the pressure created by the steam. The piston is connected to the crankshaft with the help of a connecting rod. This is how speed is achieved.

His invention led to the rapid development of semi-automated factories, which facilitated the establishment of mills in water-scarce areas. And by improving this engine, the steam railway engine was created, through which the railway transport system expanded.

Water was steamed with coal in a steam engine. There is one thing that needs to be understood well, and that is Combustion. Burning any fuel in fire produces heat. This process is called combustion. Engines are divided into 2 categories based on where the combustion takes place. For example: Internal Combustion Engine and External Combustion Engine i.e. combustion is done outside the engine. Eg: the steam engine.

But this the steam engine had a major problem which was that combustion took place outside the engine. Let's think, today's vehicles be it motorcycles, buses, trucks, or cars - they use internal combustion engines. Then there would be a big furnace at the back of the bus and some people would light a fire with coal. There had to be a huge water heater. So, people, any other animals or baggage was taken how?

History of the Modern Engine

The solution to this problem is the internal combustion engine. The first person to model this engine was Nicholas Otto.

The German national left formal education at the age of 16 and worked first in a grocery store and then as a traveling salesman. For that job, he had to go to different places and due to the difficulty of commuting, he started thinking of a vehicle that would go from one end of the city to the other but take less time.

In 1862 he designed something based on his thoughts. The development of the internal combustion engine with the help of petroleum gas was done by his hands. Basically gasoline or petrol fuel was used in this engine. Then in 1860, a scientist named Etienne Lenore invented the first commercially successful internal combustion engine. In 1877 this engine was able to provide a higher power-to-weight ratio than the autocycle steam engine. As a result, this engine proved to be more efficient in many modes of transportation, such as cars and airplanes and continued to be used in vehicles.

In this case, we have to talk about another engineer whose name is Rudolph Diesel. This French scientist invented the diesel engine in 1892. Diesel engines are used in big vehicles including buses, trucks which carry a lot of load and need to take a lot of fuel.

Also, in France in 1807, de Rivaz and Nippach brothers separately experimented with internal combustion piston engines. Scientist Carnot developed the theory in 1824. In 1857, Eugenio Bersanti and Filiche Matteucci invented and preserved an engine using the free-piston principle, which is said to be the world's first quadrupole engine.

A scientist named Karl Benz created the first light automobile yet a powerful engine. Gasoline internal combustion engines operating in the four-cylinder autocycle have been successful in making light vehicles, but diesel engines are used as more efficient engines in trucks and buses. At present, turbo diesel engines are also used in small motor vehicles. In 1896, Karl Benz was credited with designing the horizontally reciprocating piston engine.

In the beginning, steam-powered trains were run by steam engines. The Industrial Revolution was brought about by steam engines in transport and factory work in various countries of Europe. Speed ​​comes to people's life, production increases manifold.

After the invention of the steam engine, various attempts continued. People started thinking about better, lighter, more efficient engines with less fuel. From there, new types of engines have been discovered one after another.

The invention of the engine brought advantages as well as disadvantages. There is a lot of work and research going on in different countries of the world about engine design, engine fuel, pollution from engine smoke, etc. Humans are trying to invent more advanced engines in order to eliminate these problems and make the world more beautiful, more livable.

We all have to participate in this sacrifice to improve nature and us by using science. Only then will a different kind of beautiful world!